This sparked the final round of civil wars that ended the Republic and brought about the elevation of Caesar's great nephew and designated heir, Octavian, as Augustus, the first emperor. A group of these, led by Cassius and Brutus, assassinated Caesar on the Ides (15) of March 44 BC. The murder of Julius Caesar on 15 March 44 BCE the Ides of March in the Roman calendar is the worlds most famous assassination. His success and ambition alienated strongly republican senators. Dictatorship was always regarded a temporary position but in 44 BC, Caesar took it for life. He used his power to carry out much-needed reform, relieving debt, enlarging the senate, building the Forum Iulium and revising the calendar. Caesar followed him and became romantically involved with the Egyptian queen, Cleopatra.Ĭaesar was now master of Rome and made himself consul and dictator. Pompey, their leader, fled to Egypt where he was assassinated. In the ensuing civil war Caesar defeated the republican forces. He made two expeditions to Britain, in 55 BC and 54 BC.Ĭaesar then returned to Italy, disregarding the authority of the senate and famously crossing the Rubicon river without disbanding his army. The following year he was appointed governor of Roman Gaul where he stayed for eight years, adding the whole of modern France and Belgium to the Roman empire, and making Rome safe from the possibility of Gallic invasions. Back in Rome in 60, Caesar made a pact with Pompey and Crassus, who helped him to get elected as consul for 59 BC. In 61-60 BC he served as governor of the Roman province of Spain. Caesar himself progressed within the Roman political system, becoming in succession quaestor (69), aedile (65) and praetor (62). His family were closely connected with the Marian faction in Roman politics. While Caesar had a glowing career in both politics. Julius Caesar was born in Rome on 12 or 13 July 100 BC into the prestigious Julian clan. He won many battles for Rome and helped the Roman Empire grow. Cassius is a politician and an old friend of Brutus. and the Transformation of the Roman Republic (2019), focuses on the impact of powerful figures over one year.© Caesar was a politician and general of the late Roman republic, who greatly extended the Roman empire before seizing power and making himself dictator of Rome, paving the way for the imperial system. A great Roman general and senator, recently returned to Rome in triumph after a successful military campaign. Brutus is a politician who is devoted to the Roman republic. His book Warfare in the Ancient World offers a comprehensive look at military history, while his most recent book, The Year of Julius and Caesar: 59 B.C. Chrissanthos has contributed many chapters to anthologies the latest was published in the Oxford Handbook of Warfare in the Classical World. His articles have appeared in periodicals such as Historia and The Journal of Roman Studies. He received his BA in history from UC Santa Barbara, and his MA and PhD from the University of Southern California. "Steve" Chrissanthos is a lecturer in the department of history at UC Riverside, where his courses include Greek and Roman social, political, and military history. This lecture is part of a weekend focus on Julius Caesar and the Ides of March. He considers Roman political history, and Caesar’s career in particular, as a cautionary tale, one that can provide a clear warning of the similar dangers that threaten all republics throughout history. Historian Stefan Chrissanthos discusses Caesar’s dramatic rise and sudden fall, and his prominent role in the collapse of the Roman Republic. Yet his ascent to the dictatorship through political intrigue, violence, and civil war helped to bring about the ultimate destruction of the free republic. Gaius Julius Caesar-a lawyer, politician, general, author, and eventually dictator-had a tremendous impact on the course of Roman history. This event has been canceled as part of Getty’s response to the coronavirus (COVID-19).
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